{"id":10997,"date":"2023-03-10T11:25:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T05:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.www.adpushup.com\/blog\/?p=10997"},"modified":"2025-11-25T12:49:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T07:19:11","slug":"types-of-ad-fraud","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/","title":{"rendered":"5 Common Types of Ad Fraud (and How They Affect Publishers)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fffaee;font-size:20px\">In this guide, we\u2019ll see different types of ad fraud and how they affects publishers. And also talk about the most common <strong>Types of Ad Fraud<\/strong> tactics, and finally, share steps publishers can take to prevent fraud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A study conducted by 16 programmatic publishers (including <em>The New York Times<\/em> and <em>The Washington Post<\/em>) found that publishers lose as much as <a aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marketingdive.com\/news\/publishers-lose-127b-yearly-to-ad-fraud-new-study-finds\/512911\/\" target=\"_blank\">$1.27 billion every year<\/a> due to ad fraud. And this number is growing. Some preventive measures like <a aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/explainer-what-is-ads-txt\/\" target=\"_blank\">ads.txt<\/a> and <a aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/what-is-ads-cert\/\" target=\"_blank\">ads.cert<\/a> are now available, but ad fraud is still thriving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s a common belief that ad fraud affects advertisers or ad buyers. Of course, they are affected a lot. But the publishers also lose their source of income and credibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to help publishers fight against ad fraud, we have created a list of the most common types of ad fraud and how they affect publishers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"5335\" height=\"25021\" src=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/300-dpi-Ad-Fraud-Infographic-03-1-2-min.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"34669\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/300-dpi-ad-fraud-infographic-03-1-2-min\/\" class=\"wp-image-34669\"\/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents:<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/#Bots_Non-Human_Traffic_Ad_Fraud\" >Bots \/ Non-Human Traffic Ad Fraud<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/#Click_Farms_Ad_Fraud\" >Click Farms Ad Fraud<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/#Ad_Injection_Fraud\" >Ad Injection Fraud<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/#Domain_Spoofing\" >Domain Spoofing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/#Cookie_Stuffing\" >Cookie Stuffing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"h-bots-non-human-traffic-ad-fraud\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bots_Non-Human_Traffic_Ad_Fraud\"><\/span>Bots \/ Non-Human Traffic Ad Fraud<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bots are computer programs that mimic human interactions. These programs make it seem like an ad is getting an impression, but in reality, it\u2019s simply being scanned by a bot. Generally, it\u2019s easy to detect bots as they can\u2019t mimic human behaviour accurately. But, fraudsters are trying to make them more sophisticated to more closely resemble human actions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>How does Non-Human Traffic Increase the Chances of Ad Fraud? <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A study suggests that at least <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/google-issuing-refunds-to-advertisers-over-fake-traffic-plans-new-safeguard-1503675395\">10% of traffic<\/a> on every website is fake. Most publishers know that buying <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/prevent-invalid-traffic\/\">fake traffic is a bad idea<\/a>. However, there are publishers who purchase fake traffic, and that\u2019s what enables such malicious practices. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Participating in private exchanges is one way to combat this ad fraud, as you limit your inventory\u2019s exposure in the open market for everyone to access. Also, many publishers are actively fighting bot fraud by <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingland.com\/publishers-must-proactively-fight-fraud-non-human-traffic-209107\">avoiding non-human traffic<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff1f5;font-size:20px\"><strong>Also Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/mitigating-programmatic-ad-fraud-with-tommy-singh-from-adpushups-publisher-development-team\/\">Mitigating Programmatic Ad Fraud with Tommy Singh from AdPushup\u2019s Publisher Development Team<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-click-farms-ad-fraud\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Click_Farms_Ad_Fraud\"><\/span>Click Farms Ad Fraud<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Clicks farms are comprised of low-paid workers whose job is to click on ads for click fraudsters (or click farmers). Clicks on the ad increase the CTR money, but the money goes to the fraudsters. It is a simple fraud technique involving direct human interaction, which makes it even more difficult to fight. If you look closely at your analytics results, you will notice such fraud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, click farms impressions come from developing and underdeveloped countries where people are recruited to simply click on multiple ads in exchange for money. It\u2019s one of the most difficult ad fraud types to fight. Clicks are from real humans and so designing a mechanism to fight against them can be tricky. However, the first step to avoiding click farm scams is to identify them. Then we can work on measures to eliminate click fraud. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>What is the Impact of Click Ad Fraud on Publishers<\/strong>?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Since followers rely on publishers to provide genuine content, click fraud can ruin that trust entirely. For instance, let\u2019s say you see a post with many likes and shares. This may lead you to think that the post is actually informative and contain the details that you are looking for. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But once you click on the link, you find the post is not helpful. True, clicks are coming from a human. But that human is not interested in the clicked ads. Fake ids are created to execute click fraud, using which likes, and comments are dropped. As everything is happening on the publisher\u2019s platform, the meaning publisher holds the blame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad-injection-fraud\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ad_Injection_Fraud\"><\/span>Ad Injection Fraud<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Placing ads on a publisher&#8217;s website without their permission or knowledge falls under ad injection fraud. These ads are usually injected by malicious browser extensions to either overlay or replace the existing ads. Once an ad injection malware has been installed, malicious ads will be able to replace genuine ads and even the publisher\u2019s original content. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ad injections are real, but some simple <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/what-is-ad-injection\/\">preventive measures<\/a> are enough to fight against them. Generally, these malware attacks happen when a user installs software from unreliable websites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>What is the Impact of Ad Injection Ad Fraud?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Publishers make money by running ads. If their website does not show the ads of the advertiser who paid for the ad inventory, then publishers have a big problem at their hands. Ad injectors place fake ads on publishers\u2019 content, this means that website quality also gets affected. Due to these reasons, publishers can lose both their visitors and advertisers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff1f5;font-size:20px\"><strong>Also Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/how-to-detect-ad-fraud-with-google-analytics\/\">How to Detect Ad Fraud with Google Analytics (for Free)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-domain-spoofing\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Domain_Spoofing\"><\/span>Domain Spoofing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/what-is-domain-spoofing\/\">Domain spoofing<\/a> is a malicious practice where fraudsters pretend to represent a premium publisher. Consider the infamous <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/what-publishers-need-to-know-about-ad-verification-companies\/\">Methbot<\/a> case, in which a spoofed premium domain helped fraudsters make over $5 million every day. Ad injection is also made possible by modifying the ad tags. However, now standards like ads.txt and domain spoofing can be avoided, as publishers and sellers are required to mark themselves as the authorized sellers of the inventory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>How Domain Spoofing Ad Fraud affects Publishers?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Publishers are robbed of their hard work with domain spoofing. It takes a lot of effort and time to get a good global rank for your website. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ad tag modification means that fraudsters can sell a publisher\u2019s inventory at any price for which the publisher will not get a single penny. It harms the safety of consumers on the webpage, which ultimately reflects on the publisher\u2019s credibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-cookie-stuffing\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cookie_Stuffing\"><\/span>Cookie Stuffing <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cookies are a piece of code that is sent to the visitor\u2019s browser by the publisher\u2019s website. Cookies collect information such as visitors\u2019 IP, preferences, login details, and more. However, when multiple cookies of third-party websites are dropped on visitors\u2019 browsers without informing them, it\u2019s called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/cookie-stuffing-a-nightmare-for-affiliate-publishers\/\">cookie stuffing<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, cookie stuffing is practised by online coupon-selling publishers, who redirect users to multiple websites. A website stuffed with cookies will open up multiple web pages and pop-ups and may try to install an unknown software.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>What is the Impact of Cookie Stuffing Ad Fraud?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Cookie stuffing often turns out to be an affiliate scam. The problem is that anyone can check a website\u2019s HTML code, from here, any piece of code or affiliate link can be copied. Fraudsters take this affiliate link, modify it and stuff it with cookies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the cookies run on the user\u2019s browser, the affiliate link is called (or looks like getting a click). As the publisher\u2019s affiliate link is used, advertisers think they are paying the original publisher. However, in fact, fraudsters are stealing the money here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>While it\u2019s difficult to completely eradicate ad fraud, there are means using which publishers can avoid ad fraud. Also, it is up to the ad tech industry to create a safe environment for all parties, including publishers, advertisers, and consumers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Along with implementing the methods that are considered the first line of defence against ad fraud, publishers should work with ad companies that specialize in ad fraud prevention to stay ahead of the curve. <\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this guide, we\u2019ll see different types of ad fraud and how they affects publishers. And also talk about the most common Types of Ad Fraud tactics, and finally, share steps publishers can take to prevent fraud. A study conducted by 16 programmatic publishers (including The New York Times and The Washington Post) found that<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":18,"featured_media":22330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"apple_news_api_created_at":"2019-02-07T10:56:27Z","apple_news_api_id":"75d2348f-8df4-4c1b-947f-c85c1f119da0","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2019-02-07T10:56:29Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AddI0j430TBuUf8hcHxGdoA","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_is_hidden":false,"apple_news_is_paid":false,"apple_news_is_preview":false,"apple_news_is_sponsored":false,"apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"middle","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":"[\"https:\\\/\\\/news-api.apple.com\\\/sections\\\/2384f969-0b7d-3e23-907b-d8b4b94ce6f8\"]"},"categories":[6439],"tags":[10746,11215,6464,10748,10747],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v18.5 (Yoast SEO v18.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>5 Common Types of Ad Fraud and How They Affect Publishers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The 5 most common types of ad fraud, explained, including bot traffic, click farms, ad injections, domain spoofing, and cookie stuffing.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/types-of-ad-fraud\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"5 Common Types of Ad Fraud and How They Affect Publishers\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"The 5 most common types of ad fraud, explained, including bot traffic, click farms, ad injections, domain spoofing, and cookie stuffing.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/undraw_Portfolio_update_re_jqnp.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@adpushup\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@adpushup\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Shubham Grover\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"AdPushup\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/adpushup\/\",\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AdPushup\/\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/adpushup\"],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/AdPushup-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/AdPushup-logo.png\",\"width\":3294,\"height\":893,\"caption\":\"AdPushup\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.adpushup.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"AdPushup Blog\",\"description\":\"A\/B Testing, Monetization &amp; 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